He loves me, he loves me not, he loves me….. Are you thinking about each other all of the time? Are you feeling like you can not get enough of each other? Are you counting the hours until you can be together again? Is it love? Is it evolution and chemistry?
Our previous posts, “Torn and Twisted” and “Virtual Semantics”, have generated several comments, the most recent one of which recommended that we take a look at the book, Why We Love: The Nature and Chemistry of Romantic Love (Henry Holt, 2004) by Helen Fisher. While our discussions have been about Second Life relationships, there seems to be so much cross over between real life and virtual world feelings, that the book seems appropriate to at least ponder in the context of virtual world relationships.
The book is a fascinating look at how brain chemistry and evolution play a part in love, romance and lust. While it may sound clinical to approach something as passionate, exciting, magical and well, uh, romantic as love and romance as being based on chemistry, I do not see it that way. For example, you easily could make the case that the drive to have children, bond with them, and raise them is all chemically based for the survival of humankind, however, that in no way takes away from the magic of a child’s birth, the joy of little baby kisses and smiles, bedtime stories and so on. Some of the points made in the book include that the feelings of concentration, ecstasy, and energy which are often considered symptoms of falling in love are related to the effects of Dopamine and that the exhilaration, sleeplessness and loss of appetite also linked to the feelings of love relate to the increased levels of Norepinephrine. Fisher explores the possibility that romantic or obsessive lovers may have low levels of Serotonin (more on this by H. Fisher and JA Thomson Jr. in “Lust, Romance, Attraction, Attachment: Do the side-effects of serotonin-enhancing antidepressants jeopardize romantic love, marriage and fertility?” in Evolutionary Cognitive Neuroscience. 2007, MIT Press, p. 245-283) in addition to the increased levels of Norepinephrine and Dopamine. The role of dopamine in stimulating the release of testosterone and therefore increasing sexual desire, and the role of “cuddle chemicals”, Oxytocin and Vasopressin, in forming adult male-female attachments is also mentioned.
Fisher makes comparisons between romance and addiction. ”Dopamine involvement may even explain why love-stricken men and women become so dependent on their romantic relationship and why they crave emotional union with their beloved. Dependence and craving are symptoms of addiction-and all of the major addictions are associated with elevated levels of dopamine. Is romantic love an addiction? Yes… a blissful dependence when one’s love is returned, a painful, sorrowful, and often destructive craving when one’s love is spurned.” About addiction to love, Fisher has also written ”Because romantic love is such a euphoric ‘high’, because this passion is exceedingly difficult to control, and because it produces craving, obsession, compulsion, distortion of reality , emotional and physical dependence, personality change, and loss of self=control, many psychologists regard romantic love as an addiction-a positive addiction when your love is returned, a horribly negative fixation when your love is spurned and you can’t let go.”
Helen Fisher is a research professor at Rutgers University. She has a website packed with information and she has her own blog as well. She was hired as the Chief Scientific Advisor for Match.com to develop the chemistry.com personality profile. The service aims to match people not only with the hopes to fall in love but also to stay in love. Kara